1. The linear velocity
Linear velocity has the greatest influence on tool life. If the linear speed is higher than 20% of the specified linear speed of the sample, the tool life will be reduced by half. If increased to 50%, tool life will be only 1/5 of the original. To improve the service life of the tool, it is necessary to know the material and state of each workpiece being processed and the range of linear speed of the tool. Different company's tool, linear speed is not the same, can be provided from the company's relevant samples for a preliminary search, and then in processing according to the specific situation of adjustment, you can achieve a more ideal effect. The data of linear velocity in rough machining and finishing machining are not consistent, rough machining is mainly to remove the allowance, and the linear velocity is low; Finishing to ensure dimensional accuracy and roughness, linear speed to high.
2. The cutting depth
Cutting depth has less effect on tool life than linear velocity. Each groove has a relatively large cutting depth range. Rough processing, as far as possible to increase the cutting depth, to ensure the maximum allowance removal rate; When finishing, the cutting depth is as small as possible to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece. But the cutting depth should not exceed the cutting range of the groove. If the cutting depth is too large, the cutting tool can not bear the cutting force, resulting in the cutting tool edge collapse; If the cutting depth is too small, the tool only scratches and squeezes the workpiece surface, resulting in severe wear on the rear tool surface, thus reducing tool life.
3. The vibration
Vibration is the most important factor affecting tool life besides the two cutting factors. Vibration producing for many reasons, including rigid, tooling machine rigidity, rigidity workpiece, cutting parameters, cutter groove type, point after the arc radius, the cutter Angle, tool rod overhanging length, etc., but is mainly due to the system rigidity is not enough, can't resist when processing of cutting force, the cutting tool in the workpiece surface caused by vibration. To eliminate or reduce vibration must be considered comprehensively. Tool in workpiece surface vibration can be understood as a tool and workpiece kept between percussion, rather than the normal cutting, blade causes some tiny cracks and collapse edge, and leading to the cracks and collapse edge by cutting force, the vibration intensified, which in turn to further increase the extent of the cracks and collapse edge, make the knives' service life greatly reduced.
4. The material of cutter
When processing workpiece , we mainly consider the workpiece material, heat treatment requirements and whether intermittent processing. For example, the cutters of processed steel and cast iron, and the cutters of processed hardness HB215 and HRC62 are not necessarily the same; The cutting tools used for intermittent and continuous processing will not be the same. Steel cutters are used to process steel parts, casting cutters are used to process castings, CBN cutters are used to process hardened steel and so on. For the same workpiece material, if it is continuous processing, to use a higher hardness of the cutting tools, can improve the workpiece cutting speed, reduce tip wear, also reduce processing time; If it is intermittent processing, to use better toughness of the cutter, can effectively reduce the abnormal wear of the cutter, by improve the service life of the tool.
5.The usage times of cutters
The tool will produce a lot of heat in the process of use, so that the temperature of the cutting increases greatly, and when not processed or cooled by cooling water, and will reduce the temperature of the blade, so the blade has been in a higher temperature range, so that the cutter keeps expanding and contracting, resulting in small cracks in the blade. When the cutter is processed with the first edge, the tool life is normal; However, as the use of the cutter increases, the crack will spread to other blades, resulting in reduced life of other cutters.
--- Yvonne Feng
--- Yvonne Feng
